Isotretinoin: What It Is and Who Needs It
Isotretinoin is a powerful medicine that doctors prescribe for severe acne that hasn’t improved with other treatments. It’s a form of vitamin A that works by shrinking oil glands, reducing skin oil, and preventing clogged pores. Because it can clear stubborn break‑outs, many people see big skin changes after a few weeks, but the drug also needs careful handling.
If you’ve tried creams, antibiotics, or hormonal pills and still get painful nodules or cysts, your doctor might suggest isotretinoin. It’s not for mild spots, and it isn’t a first‑line option. You’ll usually need a prescription and regular check‑ups while you’re on it.
Dosage and How to Use It
Doctors calculate the dose based on your weight and the severity of your acne. The typical range is 0.5 mg to 1 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, taken with food to improve absorption. Most people start with a low dose for the first few weeks to let the body adjust, then increase if needed.
Putting it on a schedule helps. Take the pill at the same time each day, preferably with breakfast or lunch. A glass of water and some fatty food (like milk or avocado) can boost how much the body absorbs. Don’t split the tablet unless your doctor says it’s okay – breaking it can change how the medicine works.
Regular blood tests are a must. Your doctor will check liver enzymes and cholesterol every month. If the numbers go too high, the dose may be lowered or treatment paused. In the UK, most clinics also require a pregnancy test for women before starting isotretinoin and every month after, because the drug can cause serious birth defects.
Side Effects You Should Watch For
Almost everyone feels some side effects. The most common are dry skin, chapped lips, and dry eyes. Using a good moisturizer and lip balm can keep the dryness manageable. Some people notice nosebleeds or dry nasal passages – a salty spray helps.
More serious effects include joint or muscle pain, especially after vigorous exercise. If the pain feels sharp or doesn’t go away, talk to your doctor. Mood changes can also happen; a few users report feeling down or irritable. If you notice any sudden mood swings or thoughts of self‑harm, get help right away.
Because isotretinoin can raise triglyceride and cholesterol levels, keep an eye on your diet. Cut back on fried foods, sugary treats, and alcohol while you’re on treatment. If your blood tests show a big jump, your doctor may suggest a diet tweak or a short break from the drug.
Finally, the drug makes your skin more sensitive to sunlight. Always wear sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and a hat when you’re outside. Even a short walk can cause a sunburn that heals slower than usual.
In summary, isotretinoin can work wonders for severe acne, but it needs respect. Follow your doctor’s dose plan, keep up with lab tests, stay hydrated, and protect your skin from the sun. If you experience any worrying symptoms, reach out to your healthcare provider promptly. With the right care, you can get clearer skin without compromising your health.
